python -m venv .venv

# Activate the environment
source .venv/bin/activate

# Deactivate the environment
deactivate

## One line comment 

'''
multi
line
comment
'''

## Python uses indentation to define code blocks. 
## Commonly 4 spaces or tab
if age > 1: 
    print('Hello there!')

## Line Continuation 
total = a+b+c+d+e+f+\
g+h+d

## Multiple statements
x=5;y=10;z=x+y

## Semantics in Python
total = 100 ## total is an integer
kind = "Jedi" ## kind is a string 

## Type inference
var = 10
print(type(var))

var = "Moon"
print(type(var))

total=100        # integer
size=1.6         # float
name="Plagueis"  # string
alive=True       # boolean

## Variables must start with a letter or an '_'. 
## Can contain letters, numbers and underscores.
## Variable names are case sensitive

## Type of a variable is determined at runtime

## Data Types are the classification of data that tell 
## the interpreter how the programmer wants to use the data.

## Data types determine the type of operations that can be 
## performed on the data and the amount of memory needed to store the data

## Integers
i=0

## Strings 
msg="Hello World!"

## Floating point
distance=1.25

## Boolean 
acitve=True

## Lists
ages = [10,11,12,13]
## Tuples are immutable (Cannot be changed)
cars = ('Tesla', 'BMW', 'Toyota')
## Sets
student_id = {100,101,102,103,104}
## Dictionaries
country_capitals = {
    "Slovenia": "Ljubljana", 
    "Croatia": "Zagreb", 
    "Spain": "Madrid
}

## Addition
## Subtraction 
## Multiplication 
## Division
## Floor Division
## Modulus 
## Exponentiation 

## Equal to 
## Not equal to 
## Greater than 
## Less than
## Greater than or equal to 
## Less than or equal to 

## AND
## OR 
## NOT

## if 
if age>=18: 
    print('You are allowed')

## else
if age>=18: 
    print('You are allowed')
else:
    print('You shall not pass')

## elif - if but with multiple conditions
if age<13:
    print('You are a child')
elif age<18:
    print('You are a teenage')
else: 
    print('You are an adult')

## Nested conditions
## Just don't do it.

## For Loop
for i in range(5):
    print(i)

## While Loop
count=0
while count<5:
    print(count)
    count=count+1

## Break control statements
for i in range(5):
    if i==2: 
        break

## Continue control statement
for i in range(10):
    if i%2==0: # check if the number is even
        continue
    print(i)

## Pass control statement
for i in range(5):
    if i==3: 
        pass # do nothing if i equals 3

## Lists
lst = []

ls